1.苯氧化成山東順酐
1. Oxidation of benzene to maleic anhydride
加熱到管狀催化反應(yīng)器后，苯通過熱交換器與空氣(苯為1%-1.4%)混合。氧化反應(yīng)在0.1-0.2MPa壓力和350-400℃溫度的反應(yīng)條件下進(jìn)行。產(chǎn)生的產(chǎn)品通過兩個熱交換器和一個冷卻器，冷卻到露點(diǎn)附近(55-65℃)。
After heating to the tubular catalytic reactor, benzene is mixed with air (benzene is 1% - 1.4%) through the heat exchanger. The oxidation reaction was carried out under the reaction conditions of 0.1-0.2mpa pressure and 350-400 ℃. The resulting product is cooled near the dew point (55-65 ℃) through two heat exchangers and a cooler.
冷卻反應(yīng)物進(jìn)入分離器，分離器底部得到粗馬來酸酐并進(jìn)入粗順酐槽。分離器的頂部流出物被送入洗滌塔并用水洗滌。空氣頂部和未反應(yīng)的苯可以通過吸附回收。洗滌塔底部的水溶液被送入脫水器，水被分離，產(chǎn)生的順酐被送入粗馬來酸酐罐。粗馬來酸酐進(jìn)一步進(jìn)入蒸餾塔進(jìn)行蒸餾和精煉，以獲得順酐。由此產(chǎn)生的山東順酐可以異構(gòu)化得到富馬酸和蘋果酸。
The cooled reactant enters the separator, the crude maleic anhydride is obtained at the bottom of the separator and enters the crude maleic anhydride tank. The top effluent of the separator is sent to the scrubber and washed with water. Air top and unreacted benzene can be recovered by adsorption. The aqueous solution at the bottom of the scrubber is sent to the dehydrator, the water is separated, and the generated maleic anhydride is sent to the crude maleic anhydride tank. Crude maleic anhydride further enters the distillation tower for distillation and refining to obtain maleic anhydride. The resulting Shandong maleic anhydride can be isomerized to fumaric acid and malic acid.
2.C4部分氧化成順酐
2. Partial oxidation of C4 to maleic anhydride
順酐的工業(yè)，使用不分離的C4部分或異丁烯和丁二烯分離后的C4部分作為原料。C4餾分與空氣混合，然后送入人流化床氧化反應(yīng)器，并在300-500℃的溫度下與反應(yīng)器中的催化劑接觸，產(chǎn)生馬來酸酐。氧化反應(yīng)器頂部的反應(yīng)產(chǎn)物進(jìn)入吸收塔，水作為吸收劑，頂部氣體通過廢水。
For the industrial production of maleic anhydride, the non separated C4 part or the C4 part after the separation of isobutene and butadiene is used as raw material. C4 fraction is mixed with air, then sent to the fluidized bed oxidation reactor, and contacted with the catalyst in the reactor at the temperature of 300-500 ℃ to produce maleic anhydride. The reaction products at the top of the oxidation reactor enter the absorption tower, water is used as absorbent, and the top gas passes through the wastewater.
